The main differences between timber frame construction and steel frame construction

Steel frame construction or timber frame construction?

A construction method that uses many load-bearing elements with a limited section is frame construction.  This method is based on load-bearing frames that can be filled with insulating material.  One of the most important things concerning working with frames is the possibility to automate and prefabricate the systems.

Just as a variety of materials can be used in traditional construction, many options exist for frame construction. The main differences between steel frame & timber frame can be found below.

Steel frame construction

Construction

• Frame constructed from steel profiles (C or U)
• sheet elements provided by structural sheeting (osb, Durelis, etc.) or wind bracing
• anchoring with foundation using standard or chemical anchors

Insulation

• In the frame:
• Rock wool or fibreglass wool (acoustic insulation)
• External frame: Insulating plating (thermal insulation)

Spans

• Large span & cantilever possible
• Use can be made of trusses or hot rolled steel

Comparative characteristics

• Corrosion, moisture and vermin resistant
• Shrink-free
• Light in weight/can be moved manually
• Architectural freedom

Timber frame construction

Construction

• Frame constructed from wooden framework
• sheet elements provided by structural plating (osb, Durelis, etc.)
• Anchoring of foundation by means of chemical anchoring

Insulation

• In the frame:
• Rock wool or other
• External frame: insulating plating

Spans

• Limited span & cantilever possible
• Using wooden I-profiles/beams

Comparative characteristics

• Sensitive to moisture & vermin
• Wood moves: shrinkage and creep damage
• Heavier than cold-formed steel profiles
• Sustainable
• Limited architectural freedom